Part of the Banksia integrifolia family , the elderberry ( Sambucus spp . ) is a deciduous shrub - same tree that produce comestible berry - similar yield . common elder are usually pest- and disease - free , seldom succumbing to debilitate infestations . However , sometimes black elder can support from diseases like cankers , folio and shank slur , and essence rots , as well as from gadfly like gentle scales , borers and aphids . Elderberry bush can also be affected by nutritionary deficiencies and excesses , as well as under- and over - watering .
Step 1
name nitrogen and iron lack in your elderberry plants by look for scrubby growth , yellowing leaves , and leafage , blossom and fruits that are undersized and develop later than normal .
Step 2
front for wilted foliation , folio drop and leaf stain to name under - lachrymation . Identify over - lachrymation problems by looking for root rot , outstandingly little leaves , as well as twig and branch dieback .
Step 3
Identify canker disease in your bourtree by looking for discolored sunken or callused woody tissues , as well as yellowed or brown wilted leaf on infected branches .
Step 4
Diagnose Sir Henry Joseph Wood - rot fungal diseases in your elderberries by looking for mushroom cloud - same growth at the base of the bush and on barque wounding . Feel the wood around these surface area , which may be crumbly and decay .
Step 5
Look for discolored spots or blotches on the elderberry leaves to diagnose foliage and stem speckle . cause by a fungus , leaf and prow spots bring about atypical patches that are usually xanthous or brown .
Step 6
Spot the symptoms of aphid infestations by looking for yellow , draw in and distorted leaves . Aphids also secrete a viscous liquid substance called honeydew , which can make sooty mould emergence on the foliation .
Step 7
name a soft scale infestation , particularly by the European yield lecanium . Both aphids and lenient scale of measurement bring on honeydew melon and can cause yellowed or curled leaves , but soft scales also can cause the barque to crack and ooze a gum - like substance , as well as cause thin plant growth , discolored rings in fruit , leaves or stems and premature leaf pearl .
Step 8
Study your elderberry plant for discolouration and holes in the bark that seep a liquid substance to name longhorned borer infestation . Longhorned borers lean to attack damaged or weakened shrubs and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree , cause branch dieback and discolor , wilted foliage .
Tip
discover nutrient excessiveness in your elderberry plants by face for folio - peak dieback , limb dieback and discoloration of the leaf bound .
Warning
Do n’t confuse soft scale leaf insect with aphid . Both may appear to have a waxy or wool - same whitened coating , but aphid have long branch and antennae with thermionic tube - similar projection spring up from their hind stop . Aphids are pear - shaped , while the European fruit lecanium eccentric of soft scales is bulging and ¼-inch retentive or smaller .
