begonia are tender perennials , grow for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be produce outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hang up baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not audacious , uprise as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leafage , stalk or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from germ . The cultivar , ‘ White Pearl , ’ is erect with succulent radical . The many everblooming bloom are single and clean in color . The greenish leaves are shiny , smooth and ovate . This flora can tolerate full Lord’s Day . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia rise very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like moth-eaten weather . Pinching tip and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a shaggy flora .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will detect that sun and subtlety patterns vary during the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . The western side of a business firm may even be umbrageous due to shadows cast by great trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a young abode or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate look for your land site ’s true lightsome conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant life that prefer part suspect experimental condition , filtered lightis nonpareil . right planting site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath tall plants that will provide some protection . consideration : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require sizeable urine , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered good until the grime is impregnate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of tummy . Re - piss when potting soil becomes dry to the soupcon an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer lighting that is filter . Sunlight , though not direct , is of import to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon Dominicus , can be considered part Sunday or part shade . If you live in an arena that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Dominicus exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant life in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 invertebrate foot of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant functioning , it is worthy to match the right plant with the uncommitted scant conditions . correct plant , ripe seat ! Plants which do not get sufficient light may become pallid in color , have fewer folio and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also look plants to grow slower and have few blooms when ignitor is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental inflammation for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also meet too much light . If a shade loving plant is expose to direct Dominicus , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deep and less often . When watering , water supply well , i.e. provide enough water to soundly impregnate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the grunge until water has bottom to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
strain to water plants betimes in the day or later on in the afternoon to husband water and cut down on plant accent . Do water early enough so that water has had a probability to dry out from works leaves prior to Nox decline . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t await to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting stop ) .
deal water preservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping system which slow drip wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local household and garden heart . Mulches can importantly cool the root word zona and conserve moisture .
study add together water - save gels to the root zone which will bear a reserve of water for the industrial plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow label directions for their manipulation .
atmospheric condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be restrain equally moist and watered regularly , as stipulation require . Most plant like 1 inch of water a week during the develop time of year , but take aid not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , veritable watering is important for establishment . The first twelvemonth is critical . It is better to piddle once a hebdomad and water supply profoundly , than to H2O oft for a few bit . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for honorable plant health . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the industrial plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too often , beginning are deprived of oxygen and diseases hap such as root and root word rots .
The Francis Scott Key to watering is frequency . urine well then wait long enough until the flora postulate to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , render enough water to exhaustively saturate the root bollock . With containerized plant life , apply enough water system to allow water to fall through the drain holes .
Avoid using insensate water supply especially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid piddle or allow for cold water to ride for a while to total to room temperature before tearing . This is a secure path to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This nullify splosh water on the leaves of sensitive plants . just place the smoke in a shallow goat god filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the origin ball to be exhaustively sloshed . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water large jackpot . cohere it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the dirt and wrench a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil antecedent ball is .
Roots need atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plant to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only advance disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve prolificacy and increase water retention and drain . If soil writing is weak , a layer of surface soil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is sand or Lucius Clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; forge deep into the grime . Prepare bed to an 18 in inscrutable for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plant life have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not stand for that you will enjoy years of maintenance - detached gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose zip .
As perennials launch , it is important to prune them back and thin them out once in a while . This will prevent them from entirely carry over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many mintage also flower extravagantly and bring about copious seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take away spend flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the flora to bring forth come .
As perennials senesce , they may form a dense tooth root good deal that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally slenderize out a sales booth of such perennials . By dividing the root organization , you may make new plants to imbed in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also settle down pruning will excite new growth and rejuvenate the works . Most perennials may be successfully dissever in either spring or decline . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting option when there is little or no stain to plant in , or for plants that require a soil type not found in the garden or when stain drainage in the garden is substandard . If grow more than one flora in a container , make indisputable that all have like ethnical requirements . take a container that is bass and expectant enough to allow root development and growing as well as proportional balance between the fully developed works and the container . Plant gravid container in the blank space you intend them to stay . All container should have drainage jam . A mesh screen , broken Lucius DuBignon Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper java filter placed over the kettle of fish will keep dirt from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality grease ( or stain - less medias ) absorb wet pronto and evenly when wet . If water run off dirt upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as in force as you think .
Prior to filling a container with grease , wet pot dirt in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a tier that will allow plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with grease line when project is terminated . water system well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by view sunlight and ghost through the sidereal day , exposure , water system requirements , climate , territory makeup , seasonal colour desired , and position of other garden plants and Tree .
The best times to plant are natural spring and crepuscle , when soil is workable and out of risk of frost . drop planting have the reward that ascendent can develop and not have to compete with developing top growing as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold-blooded areas , allowing full administration before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized works .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare establish cakehole with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and get the excess water waste pipe before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loose the source lump and point the plant in the yap , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the industrial plant is extremely root bind , disjoined beginning with fingers . A few snatch made with a air pocket knife are okay , but should be keep open to a minimum . proceed filling in filth and urine good , protecting from verbatim sun until stable .
To plant au naturel - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare worthy planting holes , spread rootage and work stain among solution as you fill in . piss well and protect from lineal Sunday until static .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - inseminate seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also commence your own seedling bottom for transplanting . make suitable planting holes , space suitably for plant growing . mildly airlift the seedling and as much surrounding grease as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from verbatim sunshine and water regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the works you have prefer is worthy for the weather you are able to supply it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the orbit the right way next to a windowpane will be cold than the relief of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a turgid container sporadically , or they become pot / theme - tie down and their growth is retard . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the grease will prevail the source lump together when you remove it from the passel . If you have trouble baffle the plant out of the pot , try running a leaf blade around the edge of the slew , and mildly whop the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transfer your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with territory , being careful not to wad too tightly – you desire atmosphere to be able-bodied to get to the ascendent . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right on away … this will encourage the theme to fill in their raw home .
The size pot you prefer is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat sens throttle . Always come out with a white pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is regain in most soil and enter the plant through the roots or the shank at filth storey . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease lacrimation . If a industrial plant is too far gone ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the dirt too . dampen the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 office urine solution . antimycotic agent can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal passport of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged louse that attack many type of plants and fly high in hot , dry experimental condition ( like heated houses ) . They can procreate rapidly as a female can repose up to 300 testis in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is due to the untried larvae which course on tippy leafage and prime tissue . This leads to malformed growth , injured flower petal and premature flower drop . Thrips also can channel many harmful industrial plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down and use screening on windows to keep them out . withdraw or discard infested flora , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow viscous cards or take advantage of lifelike enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a unspoiled steady shower of piss will wash away them off the flora . Consult your local garden meat professional or county Cooperative wing spot for legal chemic good word . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like wight which boom in blistering , teetotal status ( like heated houses ) . Spider hint fertilize with pierce mouth division , which induce plants to come out yellowish and stippled . foliage drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider tinge can multiply chop-chop , as a female person can lie up to 200 eggs in a life story pair of 30 days . They also produce a entanglement which can insure infested leaves and flower .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and absent infested plant life . Dry atmosphere seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plant are regularly watered , especially those opt high-pitched humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take vantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . contract your efforts on the bottom of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , softened - lily-white , soft - corporal insects that produce a waxy powdery cover up . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like little slice of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems offset . They attack a broad mountain chain of flora . The new tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spotlight , then they hang out in colonies and provender . mealybug can weaken a plant run to yellow leafage and folio drop . They also produce a scented means call off honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can direct to an unattractive black surface fungous growth call sooty mildew .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest industrial plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemy such as ma’am beetles in the garden to help decoct population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like petite moths , which attack many type of plants . The flee adult stage prefer the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lie up to 500 eggs in a liveliness couplet of 2 months . If a industrial plant is invade with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of flee insect when the plant is agitate . whitefly can weaken a flora , finally leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet nub called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive shameful surface fungal growth called jet mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove overrun plants off from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminium foil ) under plant life ( this repels whiteflies ) ; hole with yellow sticky add-in , apply label pesticide ; encourage natural opposition such as parasitic WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a honorable steadfast cascade of water will wash them off the flora . Pest : lick and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious bird feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat pickle in leaf , cartoon strip entire stem turn , or totally devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - story silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned lot , and tarps . Groundcover in umbrageous place and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favourite concealing place . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawning . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical control are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plants that do not have enough strain circulation or equal lighting . Problems are worse where nights are cool and days are quick and humid . The powdery white-hot or gray fungus is usually line up on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , loop up , and drop off . novel foliage emerges crinkled and deformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often set down betimes .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and space plant life the right way so they receive adequate light and air travel circulation . Always water system from below , keep water off the foliage . This is preponderant for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . use antimycotic according to label directions before trouble becomes terrible and watch commission exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaf , flush , or debris in the dip and put down . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are get by fungus or bacteria . chocolate-brown or black patch and patches may be either ragged or round , with a piss souse or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rainwater , sordid garden creature , or even mass can help its bedspread .
Prevention and Control : slay infected parting when the industrial plant is dry . folio that collect around the base of the works should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be lead at grunge degree . For fungal leaf patch , use a recommended fungicide consort to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide-eyed salmagundi of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales Australian crawl until they find a ripe alimentation site . The grownup females then lose their legs and remain on a point protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the low-pitched sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that blow the sap out of flora tissue paper . scale can undermine a plant leading to icteric foliage and leafage drop . They also grow a odoriferous substance call honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can conduct to an unattractive black open fungal growing called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once demonstrate they are backbreaking to hold . Isolate infested plants forth from those that are not infested . confer with your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension berth in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage raw enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the open of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy germ , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The expert way to check jet mold is to ascertain the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from foliage with a damp fabric or washed aside with a hosiery - goal nebuliser .
