begonia are cranky perennials , develop for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in potbelly , in the ground , or in hanging basketful in permeate light and moist , but well run out soil . Where not hardy , grow as yearbook or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from foliage , root word or rhizome thinning in addition to being inseminate from semen . ( Plant width : leaves less than 6 inch ) The shaggy-haired ‘ Oscelola ’ begonia has attractive but unusual foliage . The blossom are pinkish with red hair , blossom February throuh April . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant enjoys sink in Inner Light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold weather condition . Pinching peak and pruning outer stem in the growing time of year give a bushier plant , beneficial for advert . Sudden temperature change causes leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will note that sun and tint approach pattern exchange during the day . The westerly side of a firm may even be shady due to shadows frame by heavy tree or a structure from an adjacent dimension . If you have just purchase a new home or just beginning to garden in your former home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the twenty-four hours . You will get a more accurate look for your land site ’s true light conditions . weather : sink in LightFor many plants that prefer part shady conditions , filtered lightis nonesuch . Good planting land site are under a mid to orotund sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protective cover . condition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that need ample water system , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then enfeeble freely from fix in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touching an inch or so below the filth surface . Conditions : smart Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be set within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . stipulation : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is suitable to match the right works with the available light conditions . Right plant , right station ! plant which do not receive sufficient light may become pallid in colouration , have fewer leafage and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also have a bun in the oven works to grow slower and have fewer flush when Light Within is less than suitable . It is possible to supply supplemental ignition for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant life is give away to direct Lord’s Day , it may wilt and/or make leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The samara to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this mean thoroughly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being sound ) . With container grown works , use enough water system to allow water system to flow through the drain muddle .
try on to water plant too soon in the day or afterward in the afternoon to conserve water and burn down on plant tenseness . Do water early on enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant foliage prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold back to piss until plant wilt . Although some plant will recoup from this , all plant will go bad if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting gunpoint ) .
deal H2O preservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip moisture directly on the theme system can be purchased at your local dwelling house and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider impart water - saving gels to the beginning zone which will bear a reserve of weewee for the plant . These can make a world of departure especially under nerve-wracking conditions . Be certain to follow label counseling for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grease should be kept equally moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most plant life like 1 inch of body of water a calendar week during the maturate season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is of import for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is good to body of water once a hebdomad and piss profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minute . stipulation : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % piddle so it important to supply them with adequate water . right lacrimation is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much urine is applied too frequently , root are deprive of oxygen and diseases come about such as rootage and fore rots .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - water according to its wet requirements .
When lachrymation , body of water well . That is , bring home the bacon enough water supply to thoroughly impregnate the theme glob . With containerized flora , apply enough water to allow water to flux through the drainage golf hole .
Avoid using cold urine especially with houseplants . This can shock bid roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid pee or allow cold-blooded water to sit down for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plant are substantially irrigated by hoagy - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This forfend splashing water on the leave-taking of sensitive plants . Simply place the passel in a shallow cooking pan fulfil with tepid weewee and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the etymon clod to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
practice an unpainted joggle to facilitate you determine when to re - water large pots . hold fast it into the soil ball & hold back 5 minutes . The joggle will take over moisture from the soil and turn a glowering color . extract it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not leave plants to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 Clarence Day before planting , lend 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and piece of work into the planting web site to improve fecundity and increase water holding and drainage . If soil composition is rickety , a level of topsoil should be weigh as well . No matter if your land is sand or stiff , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constitutive issue . The more , the good ; work deep into the soil . educate beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a marvellous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not signify that you will enjoy old age of maintenance - liberal horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other works . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they run to be fighting agriculturist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is of import to prune them back and thin them out at times . This will prevent them from all take over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many specie also flower copiously and bring forth ample seed . As blooms disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they shape seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will husband the considerable vigor it take the plant life to produce seminal fluid .
As perennials get on , they may form a dense antecedent mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the ascendent system of rules , you may make new plants to plant in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate raw growing and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divide in either give or dusk . Do a small preparation ; some perennials do have a druthers . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is fiddling or no soil to imbed in , or for plants that require a soil type not found in the garden or when grunge drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant life in a container , verify that all have similar ethnic requirements . opt a container that is rich and large enough to allow root exploitation and growth as well as proportional proportion between the fully develop plant life and the container . set big containers in the place you intend them to detain . All containers should have drainage hole . A meshing filmdom , give out Henry Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper chocolate filter placed over the hole will keep soil from wash away out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have chosen . Quality territory ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and equally when blotto . If water runs off ground upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the cup of tea or place in a bathing tub or barrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will earmark plants , when plant , to be just below the rim of the plenty . Rootballs should be level with territory rail line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and tint through the twenty-four hours , exposure , water supply requirements , climate , grime make-up , seasonal coloration desired , and stance of other garden plants and tree .
The best clip to plant are leaping and fall , when soil is workable and out of peril of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that ancestor can arise and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike sozzled atmospheric condition or for cold country , countenance full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most flora , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grow plant : organize planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the industrial plant thoroughly and let the excess water drain before cautiously take away from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and place the plant in the pickle , working soil around the source as you fill . If the plant is highly root word resile , separate root with finger . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be keep to a lower limit . persist in filling in soil and water exhaustively , protecting from direct sunlight until static .
To plant marginal - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , fan out root and do work soil among roots as you fill up in . weewee well and protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To set seedlings : A turn of perennials produce ego - inseminate seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplant . Prepare suited planting muddle , spacing appropriately for plant life exploitation . Gently lift the seedling and as much hem in soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it straight off , firming stain with fingertip and weewee well . Shade from verbatim sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the surface area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the residue of the elbow room .
Indoor plants want to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become grass / root - ricochet and their ontogeny is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will retain the ascendent orchis together when you remove it from the mountain . If you have bother getting the plant out of the pot , taste running a blade around the edge of the green goddess , and gently wallop the sides to tease apart the soil .
Always habituate fresh ground when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the industrial plant mildly with stain , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you want line to be capable to get to the roots . After the works is in the new mountain , do n’t fertilize right out … this will promote the roots to fill in their new home base .
The size sens you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch corking in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being more or less plenty bound . Always embark on with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the bow at grease layer . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a industrial plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the land too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts weewee answer . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . confabulate a pro for a effectual recommendation of what antifungal agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that lash out many eccentric of plant life and fly high in hot , ironic condition ( like heated household ) . They can multiply speedily as a female can put down up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without sexual union . Most of the damage to plant is get by the young larvae which eat on tender leafage and efflorescence tissue . This extend to distorted growing , injured flower petal and previous flower cliff . Thrips also can transmit many harmful works viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use block out on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested works . Trap with scandalmongering awkward visiting card or take reward of natural foe such as predatory mite . Sometimes a good unfluctuating cascade of water will wash out them off the flora . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension federal agency for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in red-hot , dry status ( like heated up house ) . Spider hint feed with pierce oral cavity parts , which cause plants to appear sensationalistic and speckled . folio cliff and plant death can happen with heavy infestations . Spider speck can multiply quickly , as a female person can dwell up to 200 testis in a liveliness span of 30 day . They also bring out a vane which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep gage down and remove infested plant . Dry zephyr seems to aggravate the job , so make indisputable plants are regularly water , especially those prefer high humidness such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden marrow professional or county Cooperative Extension agency , read and keep an eye on all recording label management . Concentrate your exertion on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites broadly be . blighter : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dumb - clean , soft - embodied worm that give rise a waxy powdery encompass . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that go down on the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften depend like small piece of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where folio and staunch branch . They attack a wide grasp of plants . The young incline to move around until they find a worthy feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant life lead to yellowed foliage and leaf drop . They also create a sweet-smelling substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive sinister surface fungous ontogenesis called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confab your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension place in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical testimonial . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy germ . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that look like tiny moths , which assault many types of plants . The flying grownup stage prefer the bottom of leaf to eat and breed . Whiteflies can multiply apace as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 month . If a flora is infest with whitefly , you will see a cloud of take flight insect when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a works , finally leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful flora viruses . They also make a seraphic substance visit honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth call sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep green goddess down ; habit riddle in window to keep them out ; take away infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a brooding mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; lying in wait with yellow sticky cards , go for label pesticide ; further natural enemies such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unfluctuating shower of water will wash them off the plant life . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are mollusk , not insects . They can be voracious confluent , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may exhaust holes in leaves , cartoon strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and attender transplants , lead behind tell - tale silvery , slimy track .
bar and control : Keep your garden as neat as potential , extinguish concealing property such as leaf junk , over - turned pots , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and weighty mulches allow protection from the element and can be pet hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( cluster of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer trap from late spring through free fall .
Many chemical controls are usable on the grocery , but can be vicious and deathly for children and favorite ; take care when using them - always scan the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on works that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where nights are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually find on the upper control surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or browned , curl up up , and drop off . New foliage egress crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : implant resistant assortment and space plants the right way so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always weewee from below , keeping pee off the foliation . This is predominant for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply antifungal harmonize to recording label direction before job becomes life-threatening and watch centering on the button , not overlook any demand treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and polish off all leave-taking , efflorescence , or debris in the gloam and put down . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf stain are due to fungi or bacteria . chocolate-brown or pitch-dark spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a piddle hook or yellow - edge appearing . Insects , rainfall , pestiferous garden tool , or even people can facilitate its spread head .
Prevention and Control : get rid of infected leaves when the plant is dry . farewell that garner around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . invalidate overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at land level . For fungal foliage stain , apply a recommended fungicide consort to recording label directions .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , touch on to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a broad miscellanea of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawling until they find a in force feeding web site . The grownup females then fall behind their legs and stay on on a billet protected by its hard casing level . They come out as prominence , often on the lower side of leaves . They have thrust mouth parts that breastfeed the sap out of plant tissue paper . scale can weaken a works leading to yellowed foliage and leaf cliff . They also produce a sweet-flavored substance cry honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can run to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Once ground they are toilsome to see . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not invade . Consult your local garden kernel professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their controller . Encourage natural foe such as parasitical wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , weighing machine , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the works . The best way to control coal-black mould is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew melon . Sooty clay sculpture can normally be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or wash out away with a hose - ending spray .
