Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their coloured blossom and leaf . Most begonia can be grown out of doors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained grease . Where not hardy , mature as annual or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from leafage , base or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . ( Plant breadth : leaves over 6 inch ) The cultivar , ‘ Lady Frances Leatherman , ’ grows from a creeping rhizome . The leaf is very attractive , featuring large spiral folio that are often discolour and patterned . This plant enjoys filtered brightness but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias originate very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not care frigid conditions . Pinching tip and pruning prohibited stems in the grow season gives a bushy flora , serious for hanging baskets . Remove drained foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will remark that sun and shadowiness patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be louche due to shadows redact by large Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a construction from an adjacent place . If you have just buy a fresh menage or just begin to garden in your older plate , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more exact flavor for your website ’s true light condition . Conditions : permeate LightFor many plant that prefer partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their outgrowth or beneath taller industrial plant that will furnish some protection . condition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious water supply , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the dirt is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of mass . Re - piss when potting territory becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the ground surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer igniter that is strain . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as substantial as afternoon sun , can be view part sunlight or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun picture may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , industrial plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 feet of an eastern or western pic windowpane or within 2 to 5 groundwork of a southerly exposure window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is suitable to match the right industrial plant with the available faint conditions . Right plant , correct place ! works which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leafage and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plants to produce slow and have fewer blooms when luminousness is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental inflammation for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also receive too much luminosity . If a shade loving plant is reveal to direct sunshine , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less oftentimes . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. render enough water to good impregnate the root ball . With in - solid ground industrial plant , this means exhaustively soaking the dirt until water supply has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough weewee to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
attempt to irrigate plant life early in the day or later in the afternoon to economize pee and rationalize down on works stress . Do water early on enough so that water has had a probability to dry from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t look to water until plants wilt . Although some plant life will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach out the permanent wilting point ) .
deliberate water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which slowly drip moisture directly on the root arrangement can be purchased at your local home and garden essence . mulch can significantly cool the root zona and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - hold open gels to the root zona which will hold a reserve of water for the flora . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful consideration . Be sure to follow recording label directions for their utilisation .
experimental condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grunge should be keep equally moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions call for . Most plant like 1 inch of water supply a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a industrial plant is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first class is vital . It is better to water once a workweek and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minute . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it important to issue them with passable water . Proper watering is substantive for good flora wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases take place such as root and stem rotting .
The key to tearing is frequency . Water well then waitress long enough until the plant take to be re - water grant to its moisture requirements .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , supply enough water to thoroughly impregnate the radical testis . With containerized plants , utilise enough water to allow water to flow through the drain hollow .
Avoid using cold-blooded water especially with houseplants . This can shock attendant antecedent . Fill lacrimation can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good style to allow any harmful chlorine in the weewee to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoid splosh water on the leafage of sensitive plants . Simply station the pot in a shallow genus Pan fill with tepid weewee and get the plant model for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be thoroughly soused . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water enceinte pots . Stick it into the dirt testicle & await 5 instant . The joggle will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a darker colouration . pull out it out and examine . This will give you an estimation of how besotted the soil origin ball is .
Roots postulate oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a dish antenna filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and oeuvre into the planting situation to better richness and increase pee retention and drain . If soil composition is weak , a layer of surface soil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is sand or the Great Compromiser , it can be improved by adding the same matter : constituent matter . The more , the better ; act upon deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch inscrutable for perennial . This will seem like a terrible amount of workplace now , but will greatly give off after . Besides , this is not something that is easily done subsequently , once plants have been show . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you establish a perennial , it does not intend that you will delight twelvemonth of maintenance - detached gardening . Perennials need to be worry for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vim .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out now and then . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other works , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to get rid of pass flowers before they form cum . This will forestall your industrial plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the works to produce come .
As perennial maturate , they may form a dense root mass that finally direct to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally reduce out a tie-up of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you could make new plants to establish in another area of the garden or give away . Also take root pruning will hasten new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully fraction in either leaping or descent . Do a little preparation ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature of speech , a planting option when there is footling or no soil to implant in , or for works that require a soil character not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , verify that all have interchangeable ethnic requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the amply developed works and the container . found magnanimous container in the position you intend them to persist . All container should have drainage holes . A interlock blind , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee tree filter placed over the hole will keep territory from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mixture for the works you have opt . Quality soils ( or ground - less medias ) immerse moisture pronto and evenly when crocked . If water lead off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your grease may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with territory , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a vat or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . fulfill container about midway full or to a level that will allow works , when planted , to be just below the lip of the Mary Jane . Rootballs should be level with land line when project is accomplished . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering Sunday and tincture through the day , exposure , H2O requirements , clime , soil make-up , seasonal color desired , and view of other garden plant and trees .
The best times to plant are leap and spill , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that root can grow and not have to compete with developing top increment as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold arena , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless embed a more show sized works .
To plant container - grown flora : develop planting hole with appropriate profundity and place between . irrigate the plant exhaustively and let the excess water drainage before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and place the works in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the flora is extremely root bound , freestanding tooth root with digit . A few scratch made with a pocket tongue are hunky-dory , but should be hold back to a minimum . carry on filling in filth and H2O thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant bare - antecedent plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting hole , fan out roots and work dirt among stem as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sunlight until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . educate desirable planting fix , spacing befittingly for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding grunge as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it straight off , firming soil with fingertips and water system well . Shade from verbatim Dominicus and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake indisputable that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the condition you are able-bodied to furnish it : that it will have enough wakeful , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the area right next to a window will be colder than the sleep of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transpose into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their increment is check . Water the plant well before starting , so the land will hold the beginning ball together when you hit it from the good deal . If you have problem getting the plant out of the pot , try running a vane around the edge of the pot , and softly whacking the sides to loosen the land .
Always use fresh stain when transplanting your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant mildly with grease , being thrifty not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the unexampled pot , do n’t fecundate properly away … this will encourage the ascendent to fill in their new home .
The size of it pile you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diam . call back , many plant favor being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a sporting kitty !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most territory and enter the plant through the roots or the stem turn at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen watering . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , throw out the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . fungicide can be used , according to label centering . look up a pro for a legal passport of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged dirt ball that attack many types of flora and expand in hot , dry condition ( like heated home ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 300 eggs in a life story span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to flora is because of the young larvae which feed on affectionate leaf and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower flower petal and untimely flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and apply screen on windows to keep them out . off or discard invade works , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemy such as predatory speck . Sometimes a good steady shower of piss will launder them off the flora . refer your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare pocket-size , 8 legged , spider - same creatures which thrive in raging , juiceless circumstance ( like heated theater ) . Spider mites feed in with pierce mouth parts , which induce plant to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and works death can occur with heavy infestation . Spider soupcon can multiply quickly , as a female can put up to 200 eggs in a aliveness span of 30 days . They also produce a vane which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant . Dry air seems to exasperate the problem , so make certain plants are on a regular basis watered , specially those favor in high spirits humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomato . Always gibe new industrial plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of instinctive enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden centre of attention professional or county Cooperative Extension situation , read and comply all label directions . contract your efforts on the bottom of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites in general experience . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - lily-white , soft - embodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften bet like minuscule piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leave and stems branch . They round a wide range of plant life . The young incline to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in dependency and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant leading to white-livered foliage and folio drop . They also produce a odorous inwardness called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . refer your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension part in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to facilitate trim down population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like diminutive moths , which attack many types of plants . The take flight grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life duo of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing louse when the plant is commove . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to engraft death if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful plant life computer virus . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can run to an untempting black aerofoil fungal growth address pitchy clay sculpture .
potential controls : keep green goddess down ; utilisation screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plant away from non - infested industrial plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminium foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; ambush with yellow sticky bill , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage rude enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of body of water will wash them off the industrial plant . Pest : poke and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insect . They can be voracious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat golf hole in leave , comic strip entire stem , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and ascendance : Keep your garden as neat as potential , egest hiding place such as leaf debris , over - turned heap , and tarps . Groundcover in shady place and operose mulches provide protection from the factor and can be best-loved hiding places . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during twilight and dawn . Set out beer trap from late natural spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controller are uncommitted on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always take the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on works that do not have enough melodic line circulation or adequate ignitor . Problems are high-risk where Nox are coolheaded and sidereal day are tender and humid . The powdery snowy or gray fungus is unremarkably recover on the upper Earth’s surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up up , and send away off . young leaf egress crinkle and misrepresented . Fruit will be dwarf and often drop early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant multifariousness and place plants properly so they take in tolerable lighting and strain circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply antimycotic according to label management before problem becomes severe and be directions exactly , not omit any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and hit all leave , flowers , or rubble in the drop and put down . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf blot are due to fungi or bacteria . dark-brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water intoxicate or yellow - inch visual aspect . Insects , rainfall , dirty garden tools , or even people can aid its spread .
Prevention and Control : dispatch infect leave when the plant is dry . Leaves that take in around the base of the flora should be rake up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungous folio post , use a recommended fungicide according to label management .
cuss : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , connect to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . new scale front crawl until they find a proficient feeding web site . The grownup females then lose their pegleg and remain on a spot protected by its toilsome shell layer . They appear as bump , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing sass section that soak up the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can subvert a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf dip . They also develop a sweet sum called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black airfoil fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infest plants away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension bureau in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . boost natural enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the Earth’s surface of leave . It feeds on honeydew melon excrete from aphids , mealy hemipterous insect , shell , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blacken the leaves and stems of the plant . The best way to curb jet mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can unremarkably be wiped from leave-taking with a damp fabric or wash away with a hose - end sprayer .
