begonia are tender perennials , grown for their colorful heyday and foliage . Most begonias can be produce outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered twinkle and moist , but well drained grime . Where not hardy , grow as annual or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from come . This bushy begonia has attractive foliation and is compact . The flowers are snowy with tepals tip in pink , blooming wintertime and spring . Stemming is upright and zig - zags between the nodes . This plant life enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia acquire very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold weather . pinch tips and pruning outer stanch in the growing season gives a bushier plant , good for hanging . Sudden temperature alteration causes leaves to flatten .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows roam by gravid trees or a social system from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a fresh home or just start to garden in your older nursing home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the twenty-four hour period . You will get a more accurate feel for your situation ’s dead on target lightsome conditions . shape : Filtered LightFor many plant life that prefer partially fishy precondition , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their subdivision or beneath tall plant that will provide some security . precondition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require sizable water , or those labeled asmoisture - love houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then run out freely from hole in the bottom of commode . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the dirt airfoil . status : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as secure as afternoon sun , can be considered part sunshine or part shade . If you hold up in an country that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon spook will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be target within 2 foot of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to match the right plant with the available weak circumstance . Right plant , right position ! plant life which do not receive sufficient Light Within may become pale in colour , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plants to spring up tiresome and have fewer blooms when luminance is less than desirable . It is possible to supply supplementary light for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also get too much light . If a nicety loving works is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lacrimation is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to soundly impregnate the root formal . With in - land plants , this mean thoroughly soaking the dirt until water has infiltrate to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being salutary ) . With container grown flora , apply enough water to provide body of water to fall through the drain holes .
seek to water flora early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do piddle early enough so that water system has had a chance to dry out from flora leaves prior to night decline . This is predominant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to weewee until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they pass on the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip wet directly on the rootage arrangement can be buy at your local dwelling house and garden centre . mulch can importantly cool the antecedent geographical zone and economise wet .
deliberate adding water - saving gel to the beginning geographical zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant life . These can make a world of difference of opinion specially under nerve-wracking conditions . Be sealed to espouse label directions for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grunge should be kept evenly moist and water regularly , as shape require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the grow time of year , but take aid not to over water system . The first two long time after a works is installed , regular watering is of import for establishment . The first year is vital . It is better to piddle once a calendar week and water deeply , than to H2O frequently for a few second . consideration : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate piddle . right watering is essential for good plant life health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will droop . When too much piddle is applied too frequently , roots are impoverish of O and diseases go on such as root and stem turn putrefaction .
The key to watering is frequency . weewee well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the stem ballock . With containerized plant , use enough piddle to let weewee to flow through the drainage holes .
nullify using cold water specially with houseplants . This can offend tender roots . Fill tearing can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit down for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a undecomposed way to permit any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by grinder - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the foliage of sensitive works . Simply place the can in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minute to allow the rootage lump to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
habituate an unpainted dowel to help you set when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil Lucille Ball & hold back 5 minute . The dowel pin will engulf moisture from the soil and turn a darker colouring . pull out it out and examine . This will give you an mind of how wet the dirt root chunk is .
Roots involve oxygen to breathing space , do not allow plant life to posture in a saucer filled with piss . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , summate 2 to 4 column inch of older manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase weewee retentivity and drainage . If soil composition is infirm , a layer of topsoil should be take as well . No matter if your territory is sand or clay , it can be meliorate by contribute the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; wreak deeply into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch inscrutable for perennials . This will seem like a fantastic amount of work now , but will greatly pay off off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done afterwards , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not intend that you will enjoy age of upkeep - innocent gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they run to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will unleash heartiness .
As perennials establish , it is important to cut them back and thin them out on occasion . This will forbid them from altogether taking over an area to the exclusion of other industrial plant , and also will increase melodic phrase circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many specie also bloom abundantly and give rise ample seed . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to take away pass flush before they form semen . This will prevent your plant from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce ejaculate .
As perennials mature , they may form a dumb etymon peck that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a rack of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you’re able to make new plants to constitute in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growing and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully part in either spring or fall . Do a small homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental characteristic , a planting option when there is little or no grease to plant in , or for plants that require a territory eccentric not constitute in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one flora in a container , verify that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is cryptic and prominent enough to allow antecedent maturation and growing as well as proportional balance between the full develop plant and the container . Plant large containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain kettle of fish . A mesh screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the muddle will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off dirt upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your territory may not be as good as you mean .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a tub or barrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering Sunday and shadiness through the day , exposure , water requirements , clime , soil makeup , seasonal colouring material desired , and position of other garden plants and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The serious time to embed are spring and fall , when soil is viable and out of risk of hoarfrost . Fall plantings have the vantage that root can arise and not have to compete with rise top ontogenesis as in the bounce . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike sloshed conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless engraft a more established sized works .
To set container - rise plants : make planting hole with appropriate profoundness and space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root orchis and commit the plant in the hollow , working soil around the root as you fulfil . If the works is extremely origin resile , separate roots with digit . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water exhaustively , protecting from verbatim sun until static .
To plant bare - root plants : works as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare suitable planting cakehole , spread roots and wreak dirt among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from lineal sun until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial bring about ego - sown seedlings that can be transplant . You may also take off your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , space suitably for flora growth . Gently hook the seedling and as much surrounding grease as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it like a shot , tauten dirt with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sunlight and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have choose is suitable for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the quietus of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become mess / origin - ricochet and their growth is retard . Water the flora well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you withdraw it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the industrial plant out of the pot , try run a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the side to loosen the soil .
Always employ unfermented dirt when graft your indoor plant . Fill around the plant softly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the flora is in the unexampled pot , do n’t fertilize correctly aside … this will encourage the ascendant to fill in their fresh dwelling .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in greater in diameter . recollect , many plants prefer being somewhat weed throttle . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant life through the roots or the bow at ground level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your industrial plant is in a container , toss the stain too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 piece urine solution . fungicide can be used , harmonize to label directions . Consult a professional for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare minor , fly insects that attack many type of plants and expand in hot , ironical condition ( like heated house ) . They can procreate quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 egg in a life straddle of 45 days without mating . Most of the legal injury to plants is due to the untested larva which feed on tender leaf and bloom tissue . This leads to distorted development , injured flower petals and premature flush fall . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep grass down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plants , keep them aside from non - infested flora . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mite . Sometimes a safe unfluctuating shower of urine will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative file name extension office staff for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , ironic conditions ( like het up house ) . Spider mites give with piercing mouth parts , which get works to come along yellowed and specked . foliage free fall and plant dying can come about with punishing infestations . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 24-hour interval . They also produce a web which can hatch infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and dispatch infested plant . Dry air seems to worsen the trouble , so verify plants are on a regular basis water , especially those choose high-pitched humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always learn new plants prior to contribute them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of rude enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your attempt on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider speck generally know . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - incarnate dirt ball that produce a waxy powdery handle . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that fellate the sap out of plant life tissue . Mealybugsoften look like little pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems outgrowth . They assail a broad range of plants . The youthful incline to move around until they find a suited feeding smirch , then they hang out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can damp a flora leading to xanthous foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can moderate to an untempting black airfoil fungous growth called pitchy mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance passport . Encourage natural foe such as lady beetles in the garden to help oneself contract population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insect that look like flyspeck moth , which attack many character of plant . The wing grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and strain . whitefly can multiply rapidly as a female can lie up to 500 eggs in a life story couple of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing dirt ball when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not tick . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a odorous substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth call sooty mold .
potential ascendence : keep Mary Jane down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; take out infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a meditative mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under plant life ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow unenviable cards , go for labeled pesticide ; promote lifelike enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a unspoiled steady shower of water will lave them off the plant . Pest : type slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insect . They can be ravenous confluent , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet-smelling . They may eat holes in leave of absence , funnies entire stem turn , or whole devour seedlings and supply ship transplants , leave behind tell - fib silvery , worthless trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned mess , and tarp . Groundcover in suspicious place and heavy mulches render protection from the component and can be preferent hiding seat . In the spring , patrol for and demolish egg ( clump of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and sunup . Set out beer traps from later spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be toxicant and baneful for children and pets ; take guardianship when using them - always say the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly receive on industrial plant that do not have enough air travel circulation or adequate twinkle . problem are speculative where night are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery lily-white or grey-haired fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn chickenhearted or brown , curve up , and drop off . novel foliage come forth crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drop too soon .
Prevention and Control : Plant tolerant varieties and space plants decently so they receive enough light and aura circulation . Always water from below , stay fresh water supply off the foliage . This is preponderating for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . Apply fungicide according to recording label directions before trouble becomes severe and follow directions on the nose , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take out all folio , flower , or debris in the tumble and ruin . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacterium . Brown or black place and eyepatch may be either ragged or circular , with a pee inebriate or yellow - edged appearing . insect , rain , unclean garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove taint leaves when the plant is juiceless . leaf that collect around the base of the plant should be rake up and qualify of . annul overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be channelise at soil level . For fungal leaf spot , habituate a recommended fungicide according to label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , come to to mealy bug , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of industrial plant - indoor and out-of-door . unseasoned scales crawl until they come up a good alimentation site . The grownup females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protected by its hard carapace layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . scurf can weaken a works leading to yellow foliage and folio drop . They also get a mellisonant inwardness called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black airfoil fungal growth called jet mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plant aside from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their command . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the open of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , musical scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / melanise the leaves and stanch of the plant life . The beneficial way of life to master pitchy cast is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be pass over from leaves with a moist cloth or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
